아직도 불소를 영양소처럼 섭취해야 한다는 근거없는 과학을 말하는 사람들이 있습니다.

충치의 원인은 불소의 결핍이 아니라 세균입니다.

불소는 영양소가 아니며 독성이 강한 화학물질일 뿐입니다.

거기에 충치예방효과가 조금 있을 뿐입니다.

따라서 구강관리와 충치예방의 핵심은 구강 내의 세균 콘트롤이지 불소의 도포와 섭취가 아닙니다!

현재 시행되고 있는 충치예방을 위한 시행 건수 위주의 마구잡이 불소도포, 불소양치등의 공중보건사업은 재고 되어야 합니다.

August 19, 2019

Association Between Maternal Fluoride Exposure During Pregnancy and IQ Scores in Offspring in Canada

임신기 불소노출과 태아의 IQ수치와의 관계 : 캐나다연구

Rivka Green, MA¹; Bruce Lanphear, MD^2,3; Richard Hornung, PhD⁴; et al

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JAMA Pediatr. 2019;173(10):940-948. doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.1729

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Key Points

Question Is maternal fluoride exposure during pregnancy associated with childhood IQ in a Canadian cohort receiving optimally fluoridated water?

Findings In this prospective birth cohort study, fluoride exposure during pregnancy was associated with lower IQ scores in children aged 3 to 4 years.

Meaning Fluoride exposure during pregnancy may be associated with adverse effects on child intellectual development, indicating the possible need to reduce fluoride intake during pregnancy.

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Abstract

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Importance The potential neurotoxicity associated with exposure to fluoride, which has generated controversy about community water fluoridation, remains unclear.

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Objective To examine the association between fluoride exposure during pregnancy and IQ scores in a prospective birth cohort.

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Design, Setting, and Participants This prospective, multicenter birth cohort study used information from the Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals cohort. Children were born between 2008 and 2012; 41% lived in communities supplied with fluoridated municipal water. The study sample included 601 mother-child pairs recruited from 6 major cities in Canada; children were between ages 3 and 4 years at testing. Data were analyzed between March 2017 and January 2019.

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코호트 연구(cohort study): 전향성 추적조사연구를 말합니다. 특정 요인에 노출된 집단과 노출 되지 않은 집단을 추적하고 연구 대상 질병의 발생률을 비교하여 요인과 질병 발생관의 관계를 조사하는 연구 방법입니다. 연구 설계중에도 신뢰성이 매우 높은 연구 방법입니다.

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Exposures Maternal urinary fluoride (MUF_SG), adjusted for specific gravity and averaged across 3 trimesters available for 512 pregnant women, as well as self-reported maternal daily fluoride intake from water and beverage consumption available for 400 pregnant women.

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Main Outcomes and Measures Children’s IQ was assessed at ages 3 to 4 years using the Wechsler Primary and Preschool Scale of Intelligence-III. Multiple linear regression analyses were used to examine covariate-adjusted associations between each fluoride exposure measure and IQ score.

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Results Of 512 mother-child pairs, the mean (SD) age for enrollment for mothers was 32.3 (5.1) years, 463 (90%) were white, and 264 children (52%) were female. Data on MUF_SG concentrations, IQ scores, and complete covariates were available for 512 mother-child pairs; data on maternal fluoride intake and children’s IQ were available for 400 of 601 mother-child pairs. Women living in areas with fluoridated tap water (n = 141) compared with nonfluoridated water (n = 228) had significantly higher mean (SD) MUF_SG concentrations (0.69 [0.42] mg/L vs 0.40 [0.27] mg/L; P = .001; to convert to millimoles per liter, multiply by 0.05263) and fluoride intake levels (0.93 [0.43] vs 0.30 [0.26] mg of fluoride per day; P = .001). Children had mean (SD) Full Scale IQ scores of 107.16 (13.26), range 52-143, with girls showing significantly higher mean (SD) scores than boys: 109.56 (11.96) vs 104.61 (14.09); P = .001. There was a significant interaction (P = .02) between child sex and MUF_SG (6.89; 95% CI, 0.96-12.82) indicating a differential association between boys and girls. A 1-mg/L increase in MUF_SG was associated with a 4.49-point lower IQ score (95% CI, −8.38 to −0.60) in boys, but there was no statistically significant association with IQ scores in girls (B = 2.40; 95% CI, −2.53 to 7.33). A 1-mg higher daily intake of fluoride among pregnant women was associated with a 3.66 lower IQ score (95% CI, −7.16 to −0.14) in boys and girls.

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Conclusions and Relevance In this study, maternal exposure to higher levels of fluoride during pregnancy was associated with lower IQ scores in children aged 3 to 4 years. These findings indicate the possible need to reduce fluoride intake during pregnancy.

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본 연구의 결론은 임신기 고농도 불소노출이 3~4세 아이의 IQ를 낮추는 것과 관련이 있다는 것입니다. 따라서 임신기에 불소 섭취를 줄이기 위한 노력이 필요합니다. 특히 수돗물을 불소화한 미국과 캐나다에서는 큰 이슈가 됩니다.

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우리나라는 다행이 수돗물이 불소화 되지는 않아 크게 걱정할 필요는 없지만 매일 사용하는 고농도 불소치약등 은 조심할 필요가 있습니다.

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